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Lee, 55, was embroiled for years in legal struggles that rocked the tech establishment and triggered a political scandal that led to the impeachment of former President Park Geun-hye. In November, prosecutors sought a five-year prison sentence along with a 500 million won ($$376,000) fine for Lee on charges of stock-price rigging and accounting fraud. The charges were connected to the controversial 2015 merger of two Samsung affiliates that prosecutors said helped cement Lee’s control of the conglomerate.

Special prosecutors first indicted him in 2017 on separate charges of bribery and corruption, alleging Samsung provided horses and other payments to a confidante of Park’s in exchange for government support in his succession. He was convicted and spent time in and out of jail until he was paroled in 2021.

In 2022, he secured a presidential pardon from the graft charges, allowing him to formally take the helm of the conglomerate that his grandfather created in 1938.

The verdict is especially encouraging to a company struggling to find a way out of a global smartphone and memory chip slump that’s engulfed the industry’s largest players for well over a year. In January, Samsung posted its fourth straight quarter of profit decline, underscoring the extent to which its fortunes have waned alongside macroeconomic and demand declines.

At the same time, the company is in the unaccustomed position of playing catch-up to SK Hynix, which has sped ahead in the promising field of high-bandwidth memory. Such HBM chips are used to help Nvidia Corp.’s accelerators in training artificial intelligence models.

Samsung said its HBM sales rose by more than 40% in the December quarter, and that memory demand showed signs of recovery, with mobile shipments expected to grow.